Ankit-C Guru

        Header file contains different predefined functions, which are required to run the program. All header files should be included explicitly before main ( ) function.Header files are also called as Pre-compiled header. Here is some C programming header files ... <assert.h> <complex.h>  <ctype.h> <errno.h>   <fenv.h>   <float.h>   <graphic.h> <inttypes.h> <iso646> <limits.h> <locale.h> <math.h>   <process.h> <setjmp.h>   <signal.h> <stdalign.h> <stdatomic.h> <stdbool.h>  <stdarg.h> <stddef.h> <stdint.h>  <stdio.h>   <stdlib.h> <stdnoreturn.h>  <string.h> <threads.h>  <tgmath.h>   <time.h> <uchar.h> <wchar.h> <wctype.h> We can input using two methods 1. #include<Header file name >      example: #include<stdio.h> 2. #include &qu

#include<stdio.h> int main(){ char str[100]; int i=0; printf("Enter any string: "); scanf("%s",str); printf("ASCII values of every characters of string: "); while(str[i]) printf("%d ",str[i++]); return 0; } Enter any string:ankit c guru ASCII values of every characters of string: 97 110 107 105 116

/*by ankit gehlot website:ankitcguru.blogspot.com/ */ #include<stdio.h> int main(){ char str[20]; int i=0; printf("Enter any string :"); scanf("%s",str); while(str[i]!='\0'){ if(str[i]>=65&&str[i]<=97){ str[i]=str[i]+32;}i++; } printf("\nThe string in lowercase is :%s ",str); return 0; } Output:- Enter any string :ANKIT The string in lowercase is :ankit

/*by ankit gehlot website:ankitcguru.blogspot.com/ */ #include<stdio.h> int main(){ char str[20]; int i=0; printf("Enter any string :"); scanf("%s",str); while(str[i]!='\0'){ if(str[i]>=97&&str[i]<=122){ str[i]=str[i]-32;}i++; } printf("\nThe string in Upper case is :%s",str); return 0; } Output:- Enter any string :ankit The string in lowercase is :ANKIT

         C program to print length of string include<stdio.h> void main(){ char str[15]; int=0; printf("Enter any string :\t");  scanf("%s",&str); while(str[i]!='\0') { i++; printf("\nLength of string :\t%d",i); getch(); } Output:- Enter any string :      ankit c guru Length of string :      12 Note:- Compiler will also count blank spaces between words while compiling.

                                                                    String String is a set(array) of character which is terminated by '\0'(null character). When compiler assigns string to character array then it automatically supplies null character ('\0') at the end of string. Thus, size of string = original length of string + 1. Declaration of string:-     char <string name>[roof character]; Example:-   char str[15]; Initialization of strings:-    char str[15]="ankit"; //or char str[15]={'a','n','k','i','t','\0'};//you must put '\o'(null)in this method //printing printf("%s",str);// string printing printf("%c",str[i]);// character printing //scanning scanf("%s",&str);// string scanning scanf("%c",&str[i]);// character scanning

                                                                                 Multiplication of Matrix C program to multiplication of matrix :-  #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() { int a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3][3],i,j,k; clrscr(); printf("\n\t Enter First Matrix : "); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); } } printf("\n\t Enter Second Matrix : "); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { scanf("%d",&b[i][j]); } } for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { c[i][j]=0; for(k=0;k<3;k++) { c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j]; } } } printf("\n\t Matrix Multiplication is : \n\n"); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { printf("\t %d",c[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } getch(); } Ouput:-  Enter First Matrix : 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 Enter Second Matrix : 3 3 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 Ma

                                             Subtraction of matrix Subtraction of matrix means that one matrix is subtracted for another and result is putted into third matrix. C program to subtract matrix:-   #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() { int a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3][3],i,j,k; clrscr(); printf("\n\t Enter First Matrix : "); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); } } printf("\n\t Enter Second Matrix : "); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { scanf("%d",&b[i][j]); } } for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { c[i][j]=0; for(k=0;k<3;k++) { c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j]; } } } printf("\n\t Matrix Multiplication is : \n\n"); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { printf("\t %d",c[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } getch(); } Output:- Enter First Matrix : 2 1 2 3

                                        Addition of matrix   Addition of matrix means that two matrix are added and addition of both matrix is putted in into third matrix. C program to add matrix:-   #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() { int a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3][3],i,j; clrscr(); printf("\n\t Enter First Matrix : "); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); } } printf("\n\t Enter Second Matrix : "); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { scanf("%d",&b[i][j]); } } for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j]; } } printf("\n\t Matrix Addition is : \n\n"); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { printf("\t %d",c[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } getch(); } Output :-  Enter First Matrix : 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 3 Enter Second Matrix : 2 1 0 2 3 0 1 1 2 Matrix Additio

                                                                           Magic square matrix A magic square is a square array of  numbers consisting  of  the distinct positive integer ,arranged such that the sum of the numbers in any horizontal,vertical or main diagonal line is always the same number C program of Magic square matrix :-  void main() { int n, i, j, c, a[9][9] ; clrscr() ; printf("Enter the size of the magic square : ") ; scanf("%d", &n) ; if (n % 2 == 0) { printf("\nMagic square is not possible") ; goto end ; } printf("\nThe magic square for %d x %d is :\n\n", n, n) ; j = (n + 1) / 2 ; i = 1 ; for(c = 1 ; c <= n * n ; c++) { a[i][j] = c ; if(c % n == 0) { i = (i + 1); goto loop ; } if(i == 1) i = n ; else i = i - 1 ; if(j == n) j = 1; else j = j + 1 ; loop : ; } for (i = 1 ; i <= n ; i++) { for (j = 1 ; j <= n ; j++) { printf("%d\t", a[i][j]) ; } printf("\n\n") ; } end : ; getch(

                                                 Transpose of matrix The transpose of a matrix A is a matrix formed formed from A by interchanging the rows  and columns such that row i of a matrix  A becomes column i of the transposed matrix.The transpose of A is denoted by AT.Each element a a q in A becomes element a p in AT.If A is a m by n matrix ,then AT is an n and m matrix .The  following represents a matrix and its transpose. C program to transpose matix:-  #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() { int a[3][3],i,j; clrscr(); printf("\n\t Enter Matrix : "); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); } } printf("\n\t Transpose of Matrix is : \n\n"); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { printf("\t%d",a[j][i]); } printf("\n"); } getch(); } Output:-   Enter Matrix : 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 3 Transpose of Matrix is : 2 3 2

                                                             Square matrix     The square matrix is 2D-Array or matrix in which both number of  rows and columns are equal. Example 1:-     int list[5][5]; X = main diagonal -  = upper triangular + = lower triangular Example 2 :- int list[5][5]; main diagonal     = 2,5,5,8,7 upper triangular  = 3,5,8,4,7,9,8,2,3,2 lower triangular  = 2,8,3,3,5,3,7,1,2,5